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PEN - The Global Resource for Nutrition Practice

Celiac/Coeliac Disease - Type 1 Diabetes

Recommendations and Evidence

Individuals with type 1 diabetes are at higher risk for celiac disease than the general population (1). Individuals with type 1 diabetes often present with "silent" CD, where there is intestinal villous atrophy, but no symptoms. Gastrointestinal symptoms, growth alterations and anemia may be present (1).

While CD and type 1 diabetes share genetic and immunological features, the diagnostic and management approaches, including diet, differ around the world (2)

The prevalence of CD in

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