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PEN - The Global Resource for Nutrition Practice

Weight/Obesity – GLP-1 Therapy

Recommendations and Evidence

Incretin-based therapies are pharmacological agents that mimic natural gut hormones that the body releases after eating (1). The main incretin medications include glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs, e.g. semaglutide and liraglutide) and dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)/GLP-1 RAs (e.g. tirzepatide). These drugs help lower blood sugar by triggering insulin release, slowing digestion and reducing appetite, contributing to weight loss. Reduced food intake,

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