Lactation

Pathway Contributor: Marg Alfieri

Contributions:

• What is the impact of caffeine intake in pregnancy and lactation?  

  Role: Reviewer

• How does lactation affect an individual’s requirement for vitamin/mineral supplementation?  

  Role: Reviewer

• Are there safety concerns for the ingestion of fish in individuals who are pregnant, planning to become pregnant or lactating related to mercury contamination?  

  Role: Reviewer

• What interventions are effective in promoting initiation and continuation of lactation in the primary care setting?  

  Role: Reviewer

• What are the risks to the infant when the lactating individual uses drugs (e.g. cocaine, cannabis, amphetamines, hallucinogens, opioids)?  

  Role: Reviewer

• What are the risks to the infant and the quality of human milk when lactating individuals smoke cigarettes or use snuff?  

  Role: Reviewer

• What are the risks to the infant when the lactating individual consumes alcohol?  

  Role: Reviewer

• Is lactation associated with a decreased risk of developing type 2 diabetes among parous individuals without a history of gestational diabetes?  

  Role: Reviewer

• What are the benefits of breastfeeding on cancer prevention for the lactating individual and infant?  

  Role: Reviewer

• What are the recommendations for postpartum weight loss for lactating individuals?  

  Role: Reviewer

• Does the conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content of a lactating individual's diet affect the total fat content and the CLA composition of their milk?  

  Role: Reviewer

• Are there adverse effects of high protein diets (including protein powder supplements, collagen) or amino acid supplements in pregnant and lactating individuals?  

  Role: Reviewer

• Do trans fatty acids (from hydrogenated omega-6 fatty acids) consumed by a lactating individual have adverse effects on their infant?  

  Role: Reviewer

• Can the vitamin D content of human milk be increased by supplementing the lactating individual with vitamin D as an alternative to administering vitamin D supplements to the infant?  

  Role: Reviewer

• Do herbs/herbal teas have an effect on a lactating individual’s milk production?  

  Role: Reviewer

• What are the nutritional needs of an individual who is pregnant and breastfeeding an older child? Are there any nutritional concerns for individuals having closely spaced pregnancies?  

  Role: Reviewer

• What are the infant and gestational-parental health outcomes associated with breastfeeding compared to infant formula feeding?  

  Role: Reviewer

• What are the infant and gestational-parental health outcomes associated with breastfeeding for six to 12 months or more compared to outcomes of infants and gestational parents who stop breastfeeding before six months?  

  Role: Reviewer

• What herbal beverages/supplements are safe to take during pregnancy and lactation?  

  Role: Reviewer

• What are the omega-3 fatty acid needs of a lactating individual?  

  Role: Reviewer

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